Go check his history, it's simply insane.
My favourite story about him was when his only daughter was kidnapped and imprisoned in Crete, so she wrote a letter telling her situation and simply writing "to Giuseppe Garibaldi", no address, city or whatever. She was imprisoned in a house, so she simply threw the letter through the window. Well it seems he was so famous and popular that the letter ARRIVED TO HIM IN TURIN, making possible to him to free his daughter.
I'm not really sure about the veracity of this story, but I anyway find it mesmerizing.
You do know that he was the man who unified Italy, right? It’d be like someone throwing a letter saying To George Washington or to make the comparison more apt, To Otto Van Bismarck. Garibaldi was no small time mercenary or something.
There is a story like that about Niels Bohr. The parents of some young physicist who was offered a position at Bohr's department wanted to know if Bohr really was as important as their son claimed. So the father wrote a letter with the following address:
[name of the son]
c/o Niels Bohr
Denmark
The letter arrived.
“He [Garibaldi] said that the only way in which he could render service, as he ardently desired to do, to the cause of the United States, was as Commander-in-chief of its forces, that he would only go as such, and with the additional contingent power—to be governed by events—of declaring the abolition of slavery; that he would be of little use without the first, and without the second it would appear like a civil war in which the world at large could have little interest or sympathy." - H.S. Sanford to US Secretary of State Seward
TL;DR Garibaldi was offered a Major General for the Union, but would only accept if he was Commander in Chief and the war was about abolishing slavery. Boss.
The main reason he turned down a commanding position in the U.S. Army was because he felt a stronger loyalty to the Italian Revolution. His home country needed him. However, it was his guerrilla style tactics that the U.S. studied and implemented to win the American Civil War.
One such battle involved the U.S. Invalid Corps. Amputees and burn victims wanted to continue to serve the Army, so they were tasked with hiding their disabilities with false limbs and masks in order to ambush the Confederates. The Invalid Corps populated an abandoned town in Maryland. If they had not been successful, it would've changed the direction of the war.
This [documentary](https://invalidcorpsfilm.nrbrown.com/) is the closest source I have, because I was actually one of the uncredited voiceovers. But to watch it, you'd have to host a screening.
With Mazzini and other Italian patriots, he was part of the Roman Republic of 1848-1849: they passed a Constitution giving everyone (men and women) the right to vote. They were 100 years ahead of times, since only in 1946 women were allowed to vote (in the referendum through which the Italian people chose to make Italy a Republic)
He also was asked by Pres. Lincoln to help the Union Army in preparation of the Civil War but he had to go back to Italy and he had to decline.
I went to visit his late house and grave in the island of Caprera off the Sardinian coast: a grave made of the same granite of that part of Sardinia (Gallura). Very, very powerful place, where his modest things, letters and furniture are still on display: you could somehow still feel his independent spirit.
His expedition of the thousand brought the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies into the fold. The real "mastermind" of Italian unification was Cavour, the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia. He was able to secure French help against Austria without which they don't get any lands in northern or central Italy. He had to give up Nice and Savoy to get that help which was seen as a major betrayal by many, including Garibaldi.
You should really read up on the expedition of the thousand. Cavour sent Garibaldi to sort of get rid of him thinking he'd fail. Garibaldi had so much success that Cavour was basically crapping himself thinking Garibaldi was going to try to take Rome so he sent troops south to cut him off. When Garibaldi's troops met up with the king's troops, many weren't sure what was going to happen. The famous handshake at Teano is when Garibaldi basically gave up all his troops and lands to the king. IIRC, he retired after that to his estate.
It's better to say that he was "used" to unify Italy.
Italy unification required 3 civil wars (Risorgimento), and the First World War (where Trento and Bolzano were annexed).
If you're interested, you can read about Mazzini and Cavour.
But yeah, Garibaldi was like a 1800 version of Che Guevara. Very interesting life.
Sorry, I can't suggest you a specific book for these events, since i learn them at school (i'm italian) and remarked them as general education.
If you want to practice italian listening, you can try to listen to the various convenctions(with subtitles of course) of Professor Alessandro Barbero: he's an Italian History Professor who enjoy to narrate specific history facts (like italian independence wars) in a beautiful way. He's basically an history equivalent of a pornographic actor.
Garibaldi became deputy in Italy and was deeply involved in politics and political parties. He was not just a revolutionary, actually. Far from that. And Cavour was one of the people involved, not the only one.
He was a republican, before (and perhaps after) the [Expedition of the Thousand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand) king and PM wouldn't have mourned him.
Actually it’s interesting, you know, the number of biscuits are actually named after revolutionaries. You’ve got your Garibaldi, of course, you’ve got your Bourbon, then of course you’ve got your Peek Freans Trotsky Assortment.
https://youtu.be/11CvBKpKbn8
A great and good man, in the tradition of Lafayette and San Martin. And he lived in New York City, on Staten Island, for a couple of years in the 1850s. https://www.garibaldimeuccimuseum.com/
This dude lived a fascinating life. He fought in the Farroupilha Revolution in Brazil, the Uruguayan Civil War, fought in the Unification of Italy, in Peru and much more.
He married this horsewoman in Brazil who would fight with him in both South America and Europe, and die fleeing French forces after a battle.
A life full of adventures and causes.
I live in the state were the Farroupilha Revolution took place and I can say he doesn't get nearly as much recognition as he should. The man was literally a legend. Anita Garibaldi always seemed like a great person too.
Does he really not, though? There's so much stuff named after Garibaldi here. A good portion of my family comes from a small city that was named after him, even.
> **He married this horsewoman in Brazil** who would fight with him in both South America and Europe, and die fleeing French forces after a battle.
Like....part woman, part horse?
One of Garibaldi's comrades described Anita as:
> "an amalgam of two elemental forces…the strength and courage of a man and the charm and tenderness of a woman, manifested by the daring and vigor with which she had brandished her sword and the beautiful oval of her face that trimmed the softness of her extraordinary eyes."
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Lxt-Bw9y08](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Lxt-Bw9y08)
This show takes place in the city of Laguna - SC (Brazil), where the invasion of Garibaldi and his wife Anita is staged.
In this city there are several monuments and stories about Anita who was a great woman and Garibaldi.
The museum Anita Garibaldi:
[https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Museu\_Anita\_Garibaldi-Building-Laguna.JPG](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Museu_Anita_Garibaldi-Building-Laguna.JPG)
Her house:
[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Museu+Casa+de+Anita/@-28.4838254,-48.7805161,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc\_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc\_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg%3Dw129-h86-k-no!7i5184!8i3456!4m9!1m2!2m1!1sanita+garibaldi!3m5!1s0x952153c06ac3a1d1:0xbb34ff8ea82cb51f!8m2!3d-28.4839391!4d-48.7804851!16s%2Fg%2F11gbldwgjk](https://www.google.com/maps/place/Museu+Casa+de+Anita/@-28.4838254,-48.7805161,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg%3Dw129-h86-k-no!7i5184!8i3456!4m9!1m2!2m1!1sanita+garibaldi!3m5!1s0x952153c06ac3a1d1:0xbb34ff8ea82cb51f!8m2!3d-28.4839391!4d-48.7804851!16s%2Fg%2F11gbldwgjk)
The statue:
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Pra%C3%A7a+Rep%C3%BAblica+Juliana/@-28.4814599,-48.7833765,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipOeedUVCo\_TRdTWP\_7407G9ppJVSa6j8kUbsdkB!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipOeedUVCo\_TRdTWP\_7407G9ppJVSa6j8kUbsdkB%3Dw86-h114-k-no!7i3000!8i4000!4m9!1m2!2m1!1sanita+garibaldi!3m5!1s0x952153ec4798e273:0xb104971924abcb57!8m2!3d-28.4814599!4d-48.7833765!16s%2Fg%2F11qnr0vdcn
Just wanted to dispel some myths that have been popping up recently regarding Garibaldi.
By some in the south of Italy he is considered to have been, at best a useful idiot, and at worst complicit in the steal of the independent Kingdom of the two Sicilies by the Savoy king.
The position hinges on the idea that the Kingdom of the two Sicilies, basically the whole of southern Italy, was paradise on earth and everything went to shit only after the unification with the ret of Italy. More extreme fringes even believe that a sort of genocide was then perpetrated against southern Italians.
I can't stress enough how bullshit this idea is.
At the time in which the unification occurred the two greatest powers in Italy where the King of Savoy and the Pope, unification would have been carried out by one of the two. Garibaldi understood that he alone would have not been able to unify the whole of Italy and, wanting to avoid a theocracy in its homeland, decided to pledge his help to the King of Italy even if he himself was not monarchical. I think this should dispel the idea that he was an useful idiot.
He however was not "friendly" with the Italian King to say the least, he was considered a communist terrorist to the last of his day. When, a few years later, he tried to capture Rome from the pope he was met by King's troops which shot and almost killed him. (The king wanted to protect the Pope because Napoleon the III was his protector and the Pope's too. If the Pope fell France would have invaded Italy to reinstate the Pope).
Regarding the myth that southern Italy was some kind of eden, it was in fact a feudal like state where the rich and well connected to the Bourbon's crown held all the power, political and economical. When the Bourbon family lost their power these families lost influence too. Very little changed for everyday people.
To give credit where credit is due, it is true that the Kingdom of Italy had very little care for the south. An example can be seen in the tax on grain which was passed early after the unification and disproportionately effected the south. This specific law was however repealed shortly after.
Most of the current economical differences between North/South Italy don't trace back to some nefarious plot orchestrated during the unification but simply to the fact that the North industrialized before the South. A fact itself due to the disproportionate power that the landed gentry in the south held and that they used to keep the status quo for as long as possible, i.e. feudal-like agricultural economic system.
He was also an admirer of William Wallace and donated to the construction of the Wallace monument.
https://www.scotsmagazine.com/articles/wallace-monument-2/
I remember an Italian telling me that he is not remembered favourably by those in the South as the unification unfairly benefited the North whilst the South suffered.
Is this accurate? Or just her personal views?
Unfortunately there was a recent populist movement in the south claiming the borbone kingdom was the garden of eden and garibaldi just a lowlife bandit and the south needs to receive money in reparations which is effectively historical bs, they are called neoborbonici, are considered sort of a joke with their delusional claims
Edit: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Bourbonism
It’s not a populist movement, it’s people remember the actual history of what happened. The Italian state pushed propaganda to portray this image that Sicily was backwards and needed help when it’s far from the truth. The Kingdom of Sicily was fairly wealthy, prosperous and industrialized compared to the rest of Europe and the northern Italian states at the time. All of Sicily’s industry was either destroyed or moved north after the unification. There’s a reason why so many of the immigrants from the Italian peninsula around the world were from southern Italy right after the unification and the time period afterwards. Look deeper into the history and learn about the unification and you’ll see all the fucked up shit Garibaldi did and caused.
I have a degree in History but thanks for the suggestion, if you use reputable sources (not pino aprile) you will discover that the neorborbonism is the typical secessionist political operation that mixes some truth (very lightly in this case) with a colossal amount of fabrication like this myth of the super advanced kingdom of sicily and the absurdities like the concentration camp of fenestrelle
The source for this statement: Brooks, Constant (1991). Antonio Panizzi: Scholar and Patriot. "Chapter VIII. Panizzi and Garibaldi. The Kingdom of Italy". Manchester University Press. p. 133.
The source for his battles show him as a mastermind of guerilla warfare, which he learned during his time in Brazil. I do not know if the same is applied to conventional warfare as he had no formal education in that regard.
He was at many points of his life the most famous person in the world, when he visited london in 1864 more then half a million people crowded the street just see his carriage passes. When he led the expedition of the 1000 that started italy unification he was effectively considered completely delusional in his plan and got unsupported until he wiped off the borbone kingdom and italian king had to decide to go take the merit. He was so uninterested about material wealth that even his enemies considered him impossible to corrupt. He truly was larger than life and one of the greatest italian ever
The 1800s version of Che Guevara. Going around and helping freedom fighters all over. Couldn't stay put in one country.
And now to wait for people to give me shit because they believe American anti-communist propaganda.
"The black is indolent and a dreamer; spending his meager wage on frivolity or drink; the European has a tradition of work and saving, which has pursued him as far as this corner of America and drives him to advance himself, even independently of his own individual aspirations." - Che Guevara. I mean...
If that was true, then why does the US try so hard anyway? And why does it actively fight or sabotage any Communist nation, movement, or organization? If it really was so self evidently bad then there wouldn't be millions of people actively trying to make a Communist society.
Oh, so the current autocracy is good then? The one that allows corporations to ignore safety and let their trains crash? The one that is actively getting rid of Hunan rights and slipping farther to the political right? The one that bails out massive corporations after they make idiotic mistakes and steal billions from normal people? The one that's sending billions of dollars to Ukraine while doing nothing to help the poor and homeless, who they actively harass and target for prison time?
Also, it's a complete myth that socialist states are autocracies. Not a dictatorship of anyone but the proletariat. The Soviet Union had elections, Cuba has elections, China has elections, North Korea has elections. And you can claim all you want that it's a one party state so elections don't count, but the American Two Party Dictatorship is no more open to any party other than the two same options. The difference is that a socialist party actually listens to it's citizens, and candidates aren't careerist politicians looking to perpetuate their own power.
Your fundamental argument is that communism = socialism. This is false. Communism is typically defined as a corrupt and autocratic form of socialism while capitalism can be a sliding scale of democracy and autocracy.
In reality all major first world countries are a mix of socialism and capitalism. Public utilities, roads, and sometimes Healthcare are all socialist programs while these countries also promote a free economy.
Countries such as Russia and China are not capitalistic in nature, China has a semi free economy and the Russian government directly controls businesses. Also, in China you can't buy property, you only lease it for a number of years and your descendents can extend the lease.
Edit: Also, what do you have against helping the Ukraine? Like seriously, of all the things to highlight as being bad you point out helping Ukraine. The people there are literally fighting for their existence. If Biden and the left could just flip a switch and send aid directly to the American people I think there's compelling evidence they would. That said we live in a world where it's easier for the President to send direct aid to the Ukraine than it is to individual Americans. That's what the powers of the President allow.
"Socialism is when the government does stuff" is not and has never been the definition of socialism. Socialism is the transitionary stage a society goes through on its way to Communism. There have been no Communist nations yet. The Socialist stage is defined by the Dictatorship of The Proletariat, in which the workers control the means of production rather than the capitalists. "From each according to their ability, to each according to their contribution" is the motto and guiding principle of Socialism, while "From each according to their ability, to each according to their need" is that of Communism.
I cannot stress this enough, government run institutions are NOT Socialism, because the working class does not control the government. The USSR was Socialist because factories and farms were run by the workers, while the government did the role of organizing and planning the economy.
If there are no communist countries why do China, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and North Korea all classify themselves as communist?
Also, bullshit that government run programs aren't Socialistic. The definition of Socialism is, "a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole."
By definition a democratic government is one which is owned by and regulated by the community as a whole. You can make all the arguments you want that representation is not always equal due to lobbyists, but your local municipal water utility is as socialist as it gets. They are run by citizens who are directly supervised by elected officials.these organizations are run without profit and out compete all competitors. It's not against the law to start a private utility, but you'll scarcely find a private utility where a public utility is operating because the private utility can't afford to operate at the same cost. Likewise the number of public roads drastically outnumber the private toll roads.
They call themselves Communist because they are working towards Communism, or because they have some dumbass like Khrushchev who says it for propaganda points. And seriously, you cannot have full workers control when there are those lobbies and capitalists who have a disproportionate amount of control over the economy and government. Yes, local elected councils are an essential part of a Socialist society, but they alone are not Socialism. Socialism requires a transformation of the whole structure of society. So long as you have that subversive element of capitalism the workers council will not have true control over the means of production.
You had me in the first half, comrade... I was like yeah yeah makes sense... but then you say "not the dictatorship of anyone but the proletariat"... I mean suuuree, if proletariat = one man who holds all the power over life and death...
It has never been like that. The idea of a one person dictatorship is a myth. Nobody has the ability to control all the levers of power. Any government requires many many people doing their jobs who check the power of each other. There has never been a supreme leader who can make anyone do anything they want, not even among the most fascistic of regimes. Individuals may have great sway over others due to their standing, but it is not a dictatorship of an individual, and the responsibility for the actions of a government cannot be laid at one person's feet.
again, I agree with your postulates comrade but as I said, one man had the power to decide who dies and who doesn't die, and people listened to their every word, one man as the face of the regime, one man as the head of the snake, thousands dead at their feet...
so... long live that proletariat!
Garibaldi aided the Farroupilha revolution which took place in my state; a revolution largely started by slave-owning(and anti-abolitionist) aristocrats over unfair taxing by Brazil's central government, in which thousands of slaves were put to fight. Some few hundred, later on, were the victims of a massacre perpetrated by imperial troops, in which they were betrayed by their white (Farroupilha) commander.
EDIT:
At the time the revolution took place, it's estimated that nearly 1/3 of the state's population was comprised of enslaved individuals.
Garibaldi literally fought to take Sicily for the House of Savoy in the name of “unification” of a completely separate country called the Kingdom of Sicily and subsequently committed borderline genocide of the Sicilian people afterwards both in Sicily and shipping them to work camps in northern Italy where a lot of people were simply killed.
Unironically, this is propaganda. Both these accusations are taken out of context from his writings. He made an offhandedly derogatory remark about a friend of his in The Motorcycle Diaries in which he basically called him fruity and how that was getting them into trouble with others, but this was not explicitly hateful or homophobic, but simply the average perspective of someone from the 50s. The accusations of him being racist is extrapolated when he complained that the soldiers in the Congo he was fighting with were being lazy and not putting in the effort, and so people claim that he's saying that black people are lazy.
It's actually kind of hilarious that anti-communist have to stretch the truth so much in order to find anything they can use as ammo against someone like Che. The truth is that Che Guevara was a devoted socialist revolutionary and felt an deep urge to help liberate oppressed people all around the world, to the point where he wasn't content staying in Cuba and left to help fight elsewhere.
Thanks to the other posters for the details. I really need to read more about him.
This image is great. A terrific robe. That stare. That hat! He also seems to have had a very talented combat manicurist.
This is one of those images that absolutely needs a colorized variant.
There’s a wonderful novel by Diana Giovinazzo about Anita Garibaldi, called *The Woman In Red* that I highly recommend. https://dianagiovinazzo.com/the-woman-in-red
Guy played a large part in San Marino keeping independence during the Italian unification. When he was on the run San Marino offered him shelter, during his stay the Sam Marinese told him about their wish to stay independent. When he came to more power he made sure San Marino wasn’t unified with the rest of Italy
His wife's name was **Anita Garibaldi** (Aug 30, 1821 - Aug 4, 1849) and there are lots of places in Brazil named after her. I myself lived in a street in Rio de Janeiro named after her.
Was it traditional to shave ones eyebrows in those days?
It looks fine to our eyes in old pictures, but if you met a person today without eyebrows you’d wonder what party they woke up from this morning.
Go check his history, it's simply insane. My favourite story about him was when his only daughter was kidnapped and imprisoned in Crete, so she wrote a letter telling her situation and simply writing "to Giuseppe Garibaldi", no address, city or whatever. She was imprisoned in a house, so she simply threw the letter through the window. Well it seems he was so famous and popular that the letter ARRIVED TO HIM IN TURIN, making possible to him to free his daughter. I'm not really sure about the veracity of this story, but I anyway find it mesmerizing.
My great grandpa got a letter back in the day that just said -Name- China This was quite a long time ago obviously.
Was he the emperor?
Just a rather small colony.
Even if it’s somewhat exaggerated, his life is really fascinating.
Not to forget, taking time out to invent the biscuit.
His battles with Charles Custard-Creams were legendary.
As a former mailman, I salute the efficient postal workers of ancient Italy.🫡
The year 1866. Ancient Italy.
Italy is still Ancient Italy.
Italy as a unified nation was just 5 years old in 1866.
Lmao you are right
Ancient Rome 🫡
Newman!
Postal services sometimes really go the extra mile: https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-37233913
You do know that he was the man who unified Italy, right? It’d be like someone throwing a letter saying To George Washington or to make the comparison more apt, To Otto Van Bismarck. Garibaldi was no small time mercenary or something.
There is a story like that about Niels Bohr. The parents of some young physicist who was offered a position at Bohr's department wanted to know if Bohr really was as important as their son claimed. So the father wrote a letter with the following address: [name of the son] c/o Niels Bohr Denmark The letter arrived.
“He [Garibaldi] said that the only way in which he could render service, as he ardently desired to do, to the cause of the United States, was as Commander-in-chief of its forces, that he would only go as such, and with the additional contingent power—to be governed by events—of declaring the abolition of slavery; that he would be of little use without the first, and without the second it would appear like a civil war in which the world at large could have little interest or sympathy." - H.S. Sanford to US Secretary of State Seward TL;DR Garibaldi was offered a Major General for the Union, but would only accept if he was Commander in Chief and the war was about abolishing slavery. Boss.
The main reason he turned down a commanding position in the U.S. Army was because he felt a stronger loyalty to the Italian Revolution. His home country needed him. However, it was his guerrilla style tactics that the U.S. studied and implemented to win the American Civil War. One such battle involved the U.S. Invalid Corps. Amputees and burn victims wanted to continue to serve the Army, so they were tasked with hiding their disabilities with false limbs and masks in order to ambush the Confederates. The Invalid Corps populated an abandoned town in Maryland. If they had not been successful, it would've changed the direction of the war.
Can you source that last comment?
This [documentary](https://invalidcorpsfilm.nrbrown.com/) is the closest source I have, because I was actually one of the uncredited voiceovers. But to watch it, you'd have to host a screening.
With Mazzini and other Italian patriots, he was part of the Roman Republic of 1848-1849: they passed a Constitution giving everyone (men and women) the right to vote. They were 100 years ahead of times, since only in 1946 women were allowed to vote (in the referendum through which the Italian people chose to make Italy a Republic) He also was asked by Pres. Lincoln to help the Union Army in preparation of the Civil War but he had to go back to Italy and he had to decline. I went to visit his late house and grave in the island of Caprera off the Sardinian coast: a grave made of the same granite of that part of Sardinia (Gallura). Very, very powerful place, where his modest things, letters and furniture are still on display: you could somehow still feel his independent spirit.
Didn't he pretty much unify Italy? Or am I misremembering
His expedition of the thousand brought the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies into the fold. The real "mastermind" of Italian unification was Cavour, the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia. He was able to secure French help against Austria without which they don't get any lands in northern or central Italy. He had to give up Nice and Savoy to get that help which was seen as a major betrayal by many, including Garibaldi. You should really read up on the expedition of the thousand. Cavour sent Garibaldi to sort of get rid of him thinking he'd fail. Garibaldi had so much success that Cavour was basically crapping himself thinking Garibaldi was going to try to take Rome so he sent troops south to cut him off. When Garibaldi's troops met up with the king's troops, many weren't sure what was going to happen. The famous handshake at Teano is when Garibaldi basically gave up all his troops and lands to the king. IIRC, he retired after that to his estate.
Garibaldi was from Nice
The impact on Biscuit History of this must not be underestimated.
[Revolutionary biscuits of Italy, rise up out of your box!](https://youtu.be/MHMuSA63eoA)
It's better to say that he was "used" to unify Italy. Italy unification required 3 civil wars (Risorgimento), and the First World War (where Trento and Bolzano were annexed). If you're interested, you can read about Mazzini and Cavour. But yeah, Garibaldi was like a 1800 version of Che Guevara. Very interesting life.
Thanks friend. What's a good book to read on the subject?
Sorry, I can't suggest you a specific book for these events, since i learn them at school (i'm italian) and remarked them as general education. If you want to practice italian listening, you can try to listen to the various convenctions(with subtitles of course) of Professor Alessandro Barbero: he's an Italian History Professor who enjoy to narrate specific history facts (like italian independence wars) in a beautiful way. He's basically an history equivalent of a pornographic actor.
>He's basically an history equivalent of a pornographic actor. I came multiple time just listening to his podcasts.
I found A Concise History of Italy to be pretty good.
Uh let's not compare Garibaldi to that psychopath
Don't insult Garibaldi by comparing him to that idiot psycho
Pretty much the Bismarck of Italy.
Nope. That Count De Cavour. Garibaldi was a revolutionary not a statesman like Bismark
Garibaldi became deputy in Italy and was deeply involved in politics and political parties. He was not just a revolutionary, actually. Far from that. And Cavour was one of the people involved, not the only one.
Cavour played a role more similar to Bismarck than Garibaldi did. That’s their overarching point
Well yes but he still wasn't a Bismark like figure, like the commenter above compared
He was a republican, before (and perhaps after) the [Expedition of the Thousand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand) king and PM wouldn't have mourned him.
He made great biscuits too
Actually it’s interesting, you know, the number of biscuits are actually named after revolutionaries. You’ve got your Garibaldi, of course, you’ve got your Bourbon, then of course you’ve got your Peek Freans Trotsky Assortment. https://youtu.be/11CvBKpKbn8
A great and good man, in the tradition of Lafayette and San Martin. And he lived in New York City, on Staten Island, for a couple of years in the 1850s. https://www.garibaldimeuccimuseum.com/
This dude lived a fascinating life. He fought in the Farroupilha Revolution in Brazil, the Uruguayan Civil War, fought in the Unification of Italy, in Peru and much more. He married this horsewoman in Brazil who would fight with him in both South America and Europe, and die fleeing French forces after a battle. A life full of adventures and causes.
I live in the state were the Farroupilha Revolution took place and I can say he doesn't get nearly as much recognition as he should. The man was literally a legend. Anita Garibaldi always seemed like a great person too.
Verdade tchĂŞ
bah Ă© um barbaridade o que fizeram com o vivente
Ficou esgualepado, mas provou que não tá morto quem peleia!
Does he really not, though? There's so much stuff named after Garibaldi here. A good portion of my family comes from a small city that was named after him, even.
Yeah i know but i didn't learned much from him at school and i guess that's actually a educational problem.
>He married this horsewoman in Brazil A centauress?
See, the guy is a legend
> **He married this horsewoman in Brazil** who would fight with him in both South America and Europe, and die fleeing French forces after a battle. Like....part woman, part horse?
Poor, poor Lafayette. My man deserved a little better.
He deserved a lot better. Every American visiting France should drop a flower on his grave for as long as there is a United States.
"Lafayette, we are here."
lol so garibaldi was an "italian-american" living on staten island? don't tell that to italians.
I'm not sure how many a brazilian is but it sounds like he had quite the army at his side.
One of Garibaldi's comrades described Anita as: > "an amalgam of two elemental forces…the strength and courage of a man and the charm and tenderness of a woman, manifested by the daring and vigor with which she had brandished her sword and the beautiful oval of her face that trimmed the softness of her extraordinary eyes."
Repping that strong hat game
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Lxt-Bw9y08](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Lxt-Bw9y08) This show takes place in the city of Laguna - SC (Brazil), where the invasion of Garibaldi and his wife Anita is staged. In this city there are several monuments and stories about Anita who was a great woman and Garibaldi.
The museum Anita Garibaldi: [https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Museu\_Anita\_Garibaldi-Building-Laguna.JPG](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Museu_Anita_Garibaldi-Building-Laguna.JPG) Her house: [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Museu+Casa+de+Anita/@-28.4838254,-48.7805161,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc\_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc\_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg%3Dw129-h86-k-no!7i5184!8i3456!4m9!1m2!2m1!1sanita+garibaldi!3m5!1s0x952153c06ac3a1d1:0xbb34ff8ea82cb51f!8m2!3d-28.4839391!4d-48.7804851!16s%2Fg%2F11gbldwgjk](https://www.google.com/maps/place/Museu+Casa+de+Anita/@-28.4838254,-48.7805161,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPslMJoMJT835qc_SuXMGALdoHrC2WCHebqM4kg%3Dw129-h86-k-no!7i5184!8i3456!4m9!1m2!2m1!1sanita+garibaldi!3m5!1s0x952153c06ac3a1d1:0xbb34ff8ea82cb51f!8m2!3d-28.4839391!4d-48.7804851!16s%2Fg%2F11gbldwgjk) The statue: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Pra%C3%A7a+Rep%C3%BAblica+Juliana/@-28.4814599,-48.7833765,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sAF1QipOeedUVCo\_TRdTWP\_7407G9ppJVSa6j8kUbsdkB!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipOeedUVCo\_TRdTWP\_7407G9ppJVSa6j8kUbsdkB%3Dw86-h114-k-no!7i3000!8i4000!4m9!1m2!2m1!1sanita+garibaldi!3m5!1s0x952153ec4798e273:0xb104971924abcb57!8m2!3d-28.4814599!4d-48.7833765!16s%2Fg%2F11qnr0vdcn
Just wanted to dispel some myths that have been popping up recently regarding Garibaldi. By some in the south of Italy he is considered to have been, at best a useful idiot, and at worst complicit in the steal of the independent Kingdom of the two Sicilies by the Savoy king. The position hinges on the idea that the Kingdom of the two Sicilies, basically the whole of southern Italy, was paradise on earth and everything went to shit only after the unification with the ret of Italy. More extreme fringes even believe that a sort of genocide was then perpetrated against southern Italians. I can't stress enough how bullshit this idea is. At the time in which the unification occurred the two greatest powers in Italy where the King of Savoy and the Pope, unification would have been carried out by one of the two. Garibaldi understood that he alone would have not been able to unify the whole of Italy and, wanting to avoid a theocracy in its homeland, decided to pledge his help to the King of Italy even if he himself was not monarchical. I think this should dispel the idea that he was an useful idiot. He however was not "friendly" with the Italian King to say the least, he was considered a communist terrorist to the last of his day. When, a few years later, he tried to capture Rome from the pope he was met by King's troops which shot and almost killed him. (The king wanted to protect the Pope because Napoleon the III was his protector and the Pope's too. If the Pope fell France would have invaded Italy to reinstate the Pope). Regarding the myth that southern Italy was some kind of eden, it was in fact a feudal like state where the rich and well connected to the Bourbon's crown held all the power, political and economical. When the Bourbon family lost their power these families lost influence too. Very little changed for everyday people. To give credit where credit is due, it is true that the Kingdom of Italy had very little care for the south. An example can be seen in the tax on grain which was passed early after the unification and disproportionately effected the south. This specific law was however repealed shortly after. Most of the current economical differences between North/South Italy don't trace back to some nefarious plot orchestrated during the unification but simply to the fact that the North industrialized before the South. A fact itself due to the disproportionate power that the landed gentry in the south held and that they used to keep the status quo for as long as possible, i.e. feudal-like agricultural economic system.
He was also an admirer of William Wallace and donated to the construction of the Wallace monument. https://www.scotsmagazine.com/articles/wallace-monument-2/
Thats James Cosmo!
I see Robert Duvall with a beard.
Here in Argentina we keep him in mind, he fought in the Argentine civil wars on the side of the Unitarians in the 1840s
We should replace Columbus Day with Garibaldi Day.
I remember an Italian telling me that he is not remembered favourably by those in the South as the unification unfairly benefited the North whilst the South suffered. Is this accurate? Or just her personal views?
Unfortunately there was a recent populist movement in the south claiming the borbone kingdom was the garden of eden and garibaldi just a lowlife bandit and the south needs to receive money in reparations which is effectively historical bs, they are called neoborbonici, are considered sort of a joke with their delusional claims Edit: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Bourbonism
It’s not a populist movement, it’s people remember the actual history of what happened. The Italian state pushed propaganda to portray this image that Sicily was backwards and needed help when it’s far from the truth. The Kingdom of Sicily was fairly wealthy, prosperous and industrialized compared to the rest of Europe and the northern Italian states at the time. All of Sicily’s industry was either destroyed or moved north after the unification. There’s a reason why so many of the immigrants from the Italian peninsula around the world were from southern Italy right after the unification and the time period afterwards. Look deeper into the history and learn about the unification and you’ll see all the fucked up shit Garibaldi did and caused.
I have a degree in History but thanks for the suggestion, if you use reputable sources (not pino aprile) you will discover that the neorborbonism is the typical secessionist political operation that mixes some truth (very lightly in this case) with a colossal amount of fabrication like this myth of the super advanced kingdom of sicily and the absurdities like the concentration camp of fenestrelle
She's right. Many people in Southern Italy really hate him.
not a popular dude at least in Croatia too
I know he was a revolutionary, but was he really considered one of the greatest generals of modern times?
The source for this statement: Brooks, Constant (1991). Antonio Panizzi: Scholar and Patriot. "Chapter VIII. Panizzi and Garibaldi. The Kingdom of Italy". Manchester University Press. p. 133. The source for his battles show him as a mastermind of guerilla warfare, which he learned during his time in Brazil. I do not know if the same is applied to conventional warfare as he had no formal education in that regard.
How many women is a brazilian women? That sounds like a made up number.
Pretty hardcore
He was at many points of his life the most famous person in the world, when he visited london in 1864 more then half a million people crowded the street just see his carriage passes. When he led the expedition of the 1000 that started italy unification he was effectively considered completely delusional in his plan and got unsupported until he wiped off the borbone kingdom and italian king had to decide to go take the merit. He was so uninterested about material wealth that even his enemies considered him impossible to corrupt. He truly was larger than life and one of the greatest italian ever
One of the greatest generals of modern time is really a stretch.
California state marine fish is named after him.
Had this cute fish named after him [Garibaldi ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garibaldi_%28fish%29?wprov=sfla1)
Sophia Petrillo tells a story about him in The Golden Girls.
Praise to god
Thats Mads Mikkelsen
He unified Italy and was contacted by President Lincoln to fight end slavery in USA. The truest gigachad.
The 1800s version of Che Guevara. Going around and helping freedom fighters all over. Couldn't stay put in one country. And now to wait for people to give me shit because they believe American anti-communist propaganda.
Imagine thinking Che Guevara was a good guy lol
"The black is indolent and a dreamer; spending his meager wage on frivolity or drink; the European has a tradition of work and saving, which has pursued him as far as this corner of America and drives him to advance himself, even independently of his own individual aspirations." - Che Guevara. I mean...
Communism doesn't need american propaganda to be bad
If that was true, then why does the US try so hard anyway? And why does it actively fight or sabotage any Communist nation, movement, or organization? If it really was so self evidently bad then there wouldn't be millions of people actively trying to make a Communist society.
Because communism is pretty fucked, it's always accompanied by autocracy and lots of folks understandably don't want anything to do with that.
Oh, so the current autocracy is good then? The one that allows corporations to ignore safety and let their trains crash? The one that is actively getting rid of Hunan rights and slipping farther to the political right? The one that bails out massive corporations after they make idiotic mistakes and steal billions from normal people? The one that's sending billions of dollars to Ukraine while doing nothing to help the poor and homeless, who they actively harass and target for prison time? Also, it's a complete myth that socialist states are autocracies. Not a dictatorship of anyone but the proletariat. The Soviet Union had elections, Cuba has elections, China has elections, North Korea has elections. And you can claim all you want that it's a one party state so elections don't count, but the American Two Party Dictatorship is no more open to any party other than the two same options. The difference is that a socialist party actually listens to it's citizens, and candidates aren't careerist politicians looking to perpetuate their own power.
Your fundamental argument is that communism = socialism. This is false. Communism is typically defined as a corrupt and autocratic form of socialism while capitalism can be a sliding scale of democracy and autocracy. In reality all major first world countries are a mix of socialism and capitalism. Public utilities, roads, and sometimes Healthcare are all socialist programs while these countries also promote a free economy. Countries such as Russia and China are not capitalistic in nature, China has a semi free economy and the Russian government directly controls businesses. Also, in China you can't buy property, you only lease it for a number of years and your descendents can extend the lease. Edit: Also, what do you have against helping the Ukraine? Like seriously, of all the things to highlight as being bad you point out helping Ukraine. The people there are literally fighting for their existence. If Biden and the left could just flip a switch and send aid directly to the American people I think there's compelling evidence they would. That said we live in a world where it's easier for the President to send direct aid to the Ukraine than it is to individual Americans. That's what the powers of the President allow.
"Socialism is when the government does stuff" is not and has never been the definition of socialism. Socialism is the transitionary stage a society goes through on its way to Communism. There have been no Communist nations yet. The Socialist stage is defined by the Dictatorship of The Proletariat, in which the workers control the means of production rather than the capitalists. "From each according to their ability, to each according to their contribution" is the motto and guiding principle of Socialism, while "From each according to their ability, to each according to their need" is that of Communism. I cannot stress this enough, government run institutions are NOT Socialism, because the working class does not control the government. The USSR was Socialist because factories and farms were run by the workers, while the government did the role of organizing and planning the economy.
Dude, maybe >There have been no Communist nations yet should tell you something. And it's probably not any of the things you want it to be.
If there are no communist countries why do China, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and North Korea all classify themselves as communist? Also, bullshit that government run programs aren't Socialistic. The definition of Socialism is, "a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole." By definition a democratic government is one which is owned by and regulated by the community as a whole. You can make all the arguments you want that representation is not always equal due to lobbyists, but your local municipal water utility is as socialist as it gets. They are run by citizens who are directly supervised by elected officials.these organizations are run without profit and out compete all competitors. It's not against the law to start a private utility, but you'll scarcely find a private utility where a public utility is operating because the private utility can't afford to operate at the same cost. Likewise the number of public roads drastically outnumber the private toll roads.
They call themselves Communist because they are working towards Communism, or because they have some dumbass like Khrushchev who says it for propaganda points. And seriously, you cannot have full workers control when there are those lobbies and capitalists who have a disproportionate amount of control over the economy and government. Yes, local elected councils are an essential part of a Socialist society, but they alone are not Socialism. Socialism requires a transformation of the whole structure of society. So long as you have that subversive element of capitalism the workers council will not have true control over the means of production.
You had me in the first half, comrade... I was like yeah yeah makes sense... but then you say "not the dictatorship of anyone but the proletariat"... I mean suuuree, if proletariat = one man who holds all the power over life and death...
It has never been like that. The idea of a one person dictatorship is a myth. Nobody has the ability to control all the levers of power. Any government requires many many people doing their jobs who check the power of each other. There has never been a supreme leader who can make anyone do anything they want, not even among the most fascistic of regimes. Individuals may have great sway over others due to their standing, but it is not a dictatorship of an individual, and the responsibility for the actions of a government cannot be laid at one person's feet.
again, I agree with your postulates comrade but as I said, one man had the power to decide who dies and who doesn't die, and people listened to their every word, one man as the face of the regime, one man as the head of the snake, thousands dead at their feet... so... long live that proletariat!
At least Garibaldi didn't fight for oppressive governments.
Garibaldi aided the Farroupilha revolution which took place in my state; a revolution largely started by slave-owning(and anti-abolitionist) aristocrats over unfair taxing by Brazil's central government, in which thousands of slaves were put to fight. Some few hundred, later on, were the victims of a massacre perpetrated by imperial troops, in which they were betrayed by their white (Farroupilha) commander. EDIT: At the time the revolution took place, it's estimated that nearly 1/3 of the state's population was comprised of enslaved individuals.
no no dont say things like that about the bravest general ever ever
Garibaldi literally fought to take Sicily for the House of Savoy in the name of “unification” of a completely separate country called the Kingdom of Sicily and subsequently committed borderline genocide of the Sicilian people afterwards both in Sicily and shipping them to work camps in northern Italy where a lot of people were simply killed.
Was he racist and hated gay people too like Che?
Unironically, this is propaganda. Both these accusations are taken out of context from his writings. He made an offhandedly derogatory remark about a friend of his in The Motorcycle Diaries in which he basically called him fruity and how that was getting them into trouble with others, but this was not explicitly hateful or homophobic, but simply the average perspective of someone from the 50s. The accusations of him being racist is extrapolated when he complained that the soldiers in the Congo he was fighting with were being lazy and not putting in the effort, and so people claim that he's saying that black people are lazy. It's actually kind of hilarious that anti-communist have to stretch the truth so much in order to find anything they can use as ammo against someone like Che. The truth is that Che Guevara was a devoted socialist revolutionary and felt an deep urge to help liberate oppressed people all around the world, to the point where he wasn't content staying in Cuba and left to help fight elsewhere.
AmErIcAn PrOpAgAnDa
You know you met the perfect woman when she would willingly go to war for you Now that's a lady who treats her man like a king
Thanks to the other posters for the details. I really need to read more about him. This image is great. A terrific robe. That stare. That hat! He also seems to have had a very talented combat manicurist. This is one of those images that absolutely needs a colorized variant.
He was also Italy's founder
My mother in law's maiden name was Garibaldi, she also married a Garibaldi. She always said she was related to Giuseppe. His life was so interesting.
Hot!
Boris the blade? As in, Boris the Bullet Dodger?
One of my favourite biscuits (cookies as well) https://www.deliciousmagazine.co.uk/recipes/garibaldi-biscuits/amp/
we need hero... but we only have politicians..
Did he design the biscuit too?
Does he prefer Dos Equis?
Yet all he's remembered for is a bl**dy biscuit!
There’s a wonderful novel by Diana Giovinazzo about Anita Garibaldi, called *The Woman In Red* that I highly recommend. https://dianagiovinazzo.com/the-woman-in-red
He seems like he's the Man with No Name of history. Just going around, revolution-ing, killing shit, being a cool guy.
One of my favourite biscuits too
Guy played a large part in San Marino keeping independence during the Italian unification. When he was on the run San Marino offered him shelter, during his stay the Sam Marinese told him about their wish to stay independent. When he came to more power he made sure San Marino wasn’t unified with the rest of Italy
That's actually Robert Duvall in disguise
I've seen him in a kids cartoon movie years ago. Does anyone know what the movie is called?
legendary lord, to be a great leader in a Future Total War game.
Pretty solid biscuit too.
Born in Nice, now part of France but then part of the Neapolitan 'empire' if that's the right word... obviously wasn't Italy then...
His wife's name was **Anita Garibaldi** (Aug 30, 1821 - Aug 4, 1849) and there are lots of places in Brazil named after her. I myself lived in a street in Rio de Janeiro named after her.
Was it traditional to shave ones eyebrows in those days? It looks fine to our eyes in old pictures, but if you met a person today without eyebrows you’d wonder what party they woke up from this morning.
His wife, the Brazilian Anita Garibaldi, was even braver than him.
Stay thirsty my friends